Typewriting machine



July 11, 1939.

CHISHOLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. l0. 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet J.'

Bf@ WW A TTORNE YS.

July 11, 1939.

C. CH ISHOLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. l0, 1956 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 mfr/Emme.

' ATTORNEYS.

July 11, 1939. cfcHlsHoLM' TYPEWRITING MACHINE original FiedNov. 10, 1956 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR 'W m ATTORNEYS July 1l, 1939.

c. cHlsHoLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE' original Filed Nov. 10, 193s 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 xpm.

INVENTOR. @La n/l Mz TTURNEYS.

July 11, 1939. c. CHISH'OLM A 2,165,225

TYPEWRIT-ING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 10, 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS.

July 11 1939- c. cHlsHoLM 2,165,225

` TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 10. 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 //f Off/5 IN V EN TOR.

/ATYToRNEx/s. f

July 11, 1939.

C. CVHISHOLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Nov. 10, 1936 8 Sheets-s heet 7 df/ A TTORNEYS.

INVENToR.

July 11, 1939. yc. cHlsHoLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Original Filed NOV. 10, 1956 INVENTOR. BY @@W @Kl/e, 0f r/Zfm,

A TToRNEYs,

UNITED STATI-:s --PATE 'oi-"Fics i TYPEWBITING MACHINE Clifton Chisholm, Cleveland, 0h10 Original application November 10, 1936, Serial No. 110,085. Divided and this application Jlly 21, 1937, Serial No. 154,790

13 Claims.

This invention relates to a printing or typewriting machine of the keyboard type for the production of copy for subsequent reproduction in quantities. 'I'he present invention is a continuation in part of my copending application for Letters Patent, led February 5, 1936, and assigned Serial No. 62,467, and a division of my copending application, led November 10, 1936, and assigned Serial No. 110,085. It is the general object of the present invention to provide an improved keyboard-operated typewriter having a variable carriage feeding mechanism so constructed as to enable the operator to produce a clear, distinct and justified copy, which may be utilized in a reproducing process other than letter-press printin g, for producing copies in simulationof letterpress printing. Such reproduction, for instance, may be planographically, hectographically or by stencil, but is preferably accomplished by photographic transfer to a printing plate which is used in an onset planographic printing machine.

An object of this invention is the provision of an improved key-operating mechanism for I provide a printing machine of the keyboard type with an improved carriage feed mechanism, which will advance the carriage distances corresponding to the width of the type impressed on thev work sheet carried by such carriage, or under control of a suitable tabulator mechanism, as desired.

Other objects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which I illustrate a. preferred embodiment of the invention. The essential characteristics of the invention will be summarized in the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation looking at the left-hand side of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation looking at the machine from the right-hand side of Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the mechanism; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail illustrating certain of the parts shown in Fig. y3, in different positions; Fig. 5 is a sectional detail,\ the plane of the section being indicated by the other wheel a ten-point type, etc.

lines 5 5 on Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1; Figs. 7 and 8 are transverse sectional views on an enlarged scale, the plane of the sections being indicated by the lines 1 1 and 8 8 on Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view, as indicated by the line 9 9 on Fig. 1; Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but illustrating certain of the. parts in a different position; Fig. 111s a fragmentary horizontal section, the plane of the section being indicated by the lline H Ii on Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a detail section as indicated by the line I2-I2 on Fig. 9; Fig. 13 is a vertical section taken in the plane of the lines I3-I3 on Fig. l; Fig. 14 ls a sectional detail as indicated by the line Il -M of Fig. 13; Fig. 15 is a sectional detail, the plane of the section being indicated by the line I5 |5 on Fig. 13.

Referring now to the drawings, and especially to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that my improved typewriting machine comprises a frame I0, supported by suitable legs or standards Il and carrying a platen i2, across which a work sheet or web may be fed by a suitable paper feeding mechanism. Above the platen I2 are mounted a series of type wheels I4, each wheel carrying on its periphery an entire font of type. One wheel may carry, 'for instance, an eight-point type, and an- The type wheels are arranged to be selectively positioned to enable the printing from a selected font of type, as explained in detail in my copending application, heretofore referred to.

'Ihe type wheel which is in position immediately above the platen is rotated under control of a key board i5, to bring the desired character or type of its font into printing position. The key board I5 also controls a mechanism which, when a type wheel has been brought to rest with the selected character in printing position', causes the wheel to move bodily,l bringing` the selected type thereon into printing contact with the Work. After the character has been impressed on the work, the latter is advanced a distance which is determined by the width of the character impressed. The total advance of the work, as well las the total number of spaces between the words of a set line, control the positioning of a justifying scale carried by a drum 30| mounted on the frame. This justifying scale, its operating mechanism, together with the method of using the same, forms the subject matter of my copendirig application, Serial No. 62,467, heretofore referred to. Briefly, the mechanism is such that when the operator types a line using a standard space Aus bar 200, this mechanism actuates the chart to cause it toy inform 4the operator which one or ones of Aa series of justifying space keys 200:1 should be used, in retyping the line, to produce a justified line.

'I'he platen I2 and paper feed1 mechanism are best illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, '1, 8, 13 and' 14. As there shown, the paper feed mechanism and the platen are mounted ,in a rectangular frameli, which is provided with guiding rollers 22, arranged to coact with longitudinally extending horizontal guideways .23, supported by a pair of brackets 24 and 44, secured to the main frameIIl at the left-hand side thereof.'

As illustrated, the platen comprises a longitudinally extending bar, which is mounted in vertical guideways or slots 25, so that it may be adjusted up and down to regulate the printing pressure and to facilitate the positioning of the paper or work W inV the feeding mechanism. The platen is provided `with a rubber or similar platen surface 26, which is secured to the platen I2 in the usual manner.

- The vertical adjustment of the platen is ac complished by therotation of a shaft 21, which carries at-its opposite ends cams' 28, arranged to coact with adjusting screws carried by the platen as shownin Fig. 13. Suitable springs 29, interposed between the platen and the frame 2|, maintain the platen in engagement with the cams 28. The adjusting screws serve to regulate the printing pressure, whereas the cams 28 serve to move. the platen a considerable distance away from the-type wheels I4', which are located thereabove, to permit the initial feeding of a worksheet W to the paper-feeding mechanism.

The paper-feeding mechanism comprises a pair of rolls 32 and 33, mounted on respective shafts 34 and 35,' which are journalled in the platen frame.

The roll 35 is provided with a plurality of radiallyy extending projections 36, arranged to engage suitable perforations formed in the edges of the worksheet W', so as to accuratelyposition the paper relative to the platen and previously typed lines. As shown in Fig. 8, the work-sheet passes around the =rol1 35 'and-is maintained in engagement with the projections 36 thereof by guides 31. K

The vworksheet passes from the lroll 33 across the platen I2 to the roller 32 with which it is held in contact by rollers 38. Suitable springs 43, which act on roll supporting levers 42, serve to maintain the rollers 38 in engagement with the work W, as

shown in Fig. 8. l v

The platen barl 26 lies above the top surface of the paper. feed rolls 32 and 33, and is of sufficient width to accommodatebut one letter. The worksheet W'therefore passes upwardly from ther roll 33 to the platen and downwardly to the roll 32. Hence, I-may pla'ce the circumferential 'rows of printing characters relatively close together without danger of smudging the worksheet.

The mechanism is arranged to type lines of printing characters in'adirection parallel with the platen, that is, from the front to the rrear of the machine. The platen carriage, together with the paper feed .mechanism `just described, is

therefore movable'lengthwise of the platen in its guideways 23, and is advanced for character feeding in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 1, 18 and 13, the paper feedcarriage 2| is provided with a rack 45. This rack is engaged by a pinion 46, mounted or the main frame I and periodically rotated predetermined angular distances to advance the carriage to the right (Fig. 13), for letter or character feeding of the paper. The return of the carriage is accomplished, as will be hereinafter more fully described, by reversing the direction of rotation of the pinion 46. y

The worksheet is advanced to feed it from one printing line to another by a manual operation, which rotates the paper feed rolls 32 and 33, (Fig. 8) vin a counter-clockwise direction, a distance equivalent to the desired spacing of lines. As indicated in Figs. 13 and 14, the feed roll shaft 35 extends the full length of the frame bracket 24, which supports the platen carriage guideway 23,

' and is provided with a key-way 41, which, together with a key carried by theroll 33, provides, in effect, a splined driving connection between the shaft 35 and the roll 33.

The-roll 32 is driven from the roll 33. Secured to the roll 33 is a pinion 48, which meshes with an idler pinion 49, carried by the carriage- 2l, and which, in turn, engages a pinion 50, secured to the roll 32.

The shaft 35 is rotated manually to advance'the work W by the operator. For this purpose, a lever I is pivotedto the bracket' 44, as on a pivot shaft 52, and isprovided with a pawl 53 normally held in vengagement with a ratchet 54 by a suitable spring 55. The clockwise movement of this lever (Fig. 6) causes a partial rotation to be imparted to the ratchet. 'I'his ratchet is drivingly connected,

as shown in Fig. 13, with a pinion 56, which meshes with a gear 51, secured tothe forward end of the paper feed roll shaft 35.

The spacing between the lines is .controlled by the amount of movement imparted to the ratchet. As-illustrated in Figs. 6 and 13, 'I journal a cam disc 58 on the pivot shaft 52. This cam disc is provided with a recess portion 59, and a high or cam portion 60, which latter portion is arranged to engagea pin 6I, carried by the pawl 53y and bracket 44 and project into thepath of the lever' 5I, as indicated on Fig. 6. The cam 58 is retained in any selected position by a spring-pressed ball 63, (Fig. 13), which is mounted in the frame 24 and engages any one of a series of recesses in the cam disc.

f The type wheels are best shown in Figs. 2, 6 and '7. In the present embodiment of the invention I have illustrated threeltype wheels I4,` each of which is mounted on a shaft 10, which is carried by a bracket 1I. This bracket is swingably mounted on a shaft |06, which is journalled in the periphery two annular sets of type. The type in the left-hand band or ring of type shown in Fig. "Il may comprise, upper case type, whereas the righthand band of the same wheel includes the lower case type. l

`main frame I0. Each type wheel carries on its In Fig. 7 I have shown three type wheels.

left-hand type wheel I4 may carry, for instance,

eight-point type. The ltype middle wheel, ten-y POint type, and the right-hand type `wheel, twelvepoint type. One face of each type wheelisgpr vided with a -recess 14,. and the other/faceispro'-` vided with a. pinv15adapted to ,engageI 'the'hccrreh sponding recess of the next adjacent 'type-;wheel.

The pin 15 of sthe type wheel furthest to the; right, (Fig. 7) engages a similar` recess in a gear 16, which is :mounted on theshaft-1IL ,Thus, when the gear is rotated the typewheels are rotatedin controlled by the key board, as will be hereinafter more fully described. y

Ink is supplied to the type wheels by an inking mechanism 86, which is mounted on the type wheel bracket 1|. A detailed description of this mechanism is given in my copending application, Serial No. 62,467, heretofore mentioned. Suffice it here to saythat the mechanism is arranged to maintain the type wheels supplied with the desired supply of ink.

It will be noted from Fig. 7 that the type wheels may be readily removed without disturbing their driving gear 18, or a type wheel registering gear |0|, hereinafter to be more fully'described. To this end the gears 16 and |9| are mounted on a sleeve |02, carried by the frame bracket 1|, and

lthis sleeve, in turn, rotatively supports the shaft 10. Hence, the shaft may be withdrawn without disturbing the gears. The shaft 19 is normally held in operative position by a set screw, indicated at |03, (Figs. 6 and 7) ,as carried by the left-hand frame member of the bracket 1| and arranged to engage an annular recess |04 in .the shaft 10, thereby preventing its axial movement.

The type wheels Il are normally-rotating and are brought to a stop with a selected character in the printing position bythe operation of the key board, as willl be hereinafterl more fully described As illustrated in Fig. 13, the type wheel driving gear 16 meshes withy a gear |05, which has a splined driving connection with the shaft |03, on which the bracket 1| is plvotally mounted. A driving belt |09, (Fig. 3) connects a motordriven pulley |09, with a pulley |01, which is rotatively mounted on the right-hand end of the shaft |05, as illustrated in Fig. 8.

The pulley |01 is drivingly connected by a suitable clutch formation 81, with one member I i0 of a frictional driving clutch the other member ||2 of which is pinned to the shaft |06, as indicated at Ill. Back lash of the shaft |09 is prevented by a roller clutch, one member H4 of which is secured to the shaft |06 by a. pin

H5, and the other member llt of which is held stationary byl a pin ||1, carried by a frame bracket H9. 'Ihis clutch is of the usual type and hence is not described in detail. Sumce it to say that it is of the type wherein, as long as the shaft rotates in one direction, clutch rollers H9 are free to move about the axis of the shaft,v but whenever the shaft tends to rotate in the other direction, these rollers lock the two clutch members together, thereby locking the shaft against rotation.

. .As heretofore mentioned, the type wheel, which is above the platen |2, is brought to rest with a selected type in printing position, that is, immediately above the platen bar or at the lowermost point on the type wheels, so that consequent upon the rocking of the type wheel bracket 1| about the shaft |09, the lowermost type will leave an impression on the worksheet W, which lies across the platen as illustrated in Fig. 8.

The stopping of the rotation of the type wheels is under direct control of keyboard II. This keyboard and the control mechanism associated therewith is'best illustrated in Figs. v1, 2, 3, 6, 'I and 9 to 11, inclusive. v to Fig. l, the keyboard I5 includes a series of character keys |23 which, for illustrative purposes, are outlined on Fig. 1 with a pair of ad.-

.jacent circles; a standard space bar 200; a series of special space keys 20011: a shift key 300; a tabulator and carriage return lever 250. The

special space keys 2304 are outlined with a heavy Referring Speciiically black circle, to distinguish them from the character keys -and are used in place of the standard space bar 200 for `justifying the line when the` line is retyped, as is fully explained in my copending application Serial No. 62,467.

The operation of the character keys and the manner in which they control the stopping of the type wheels, which forms the subject matter of my copending application Serial No. 110,085, heretofore referred to, will now be described. Each character key is, as shown in Fig. 9, supported by an upstanding arm of a lever |2| of a compound key lever. 'Ihe levers |2| of all key levers are pivoted to a common shaft |22, mounted in suitable frame brackets |23. The normal positionof the key levers |2| is shown by the lever |2| in Fig. 9. Here it will be noted that the key lever |2| is provided with a notch |21, which provides a seat4 for a pin |29, carried by a lever |29 which forms the other member of the compound key lever. The' key levers |29 are plvotally mounted on a common shaft |39 carried in frame brackets |3|. The pins |29 are normally maintained in respective notches |21 by springs |32 which are interposed between the levers |29 and a suitable frame member.

The arrangement of the key mechanism is such that the operator need only initiate the depression of a key, power mechanism, operated by the motor M, heretofore described, serving 'to complete the depression. When the operator depresses a finger key |20, an amount sumcient to cause the notch |21 of its respective key lever member |'2| to disengage the pin |29 of its corlresponding lever member |29, a spring |35 rocks 'the lever about its pivot from the position illustrated in Fig. 9 to the position shown in Fig. 10. l A suitable stop bar |33, carried by a cover |34,

This movement of the key lever |29 also releases for action a mechanism which causes the type wheels to be rocked about their pivot shaft |06, to cause the selected character to be impressed upon the work W. Likewise, this movement also causes the platen and paper* carriage to be advanced a distance equivalent to that required by the selected character, immediately after the impression of such character takes place, thereby positioninglthe work sheet vfor the impression of the next succeeding character, and it is with this mechanism that the present invention is especially concerned.

The rocking of any key; member |29 stops the type wheels by the operation of a corresponding stop lever 99. As shown in the drawings, and especially Figs. 1, 9 and 10, the shaft |99, which drives the type wheels, is provided with a series of discs 9| which are drivingly secured thereto by a key 92. There is one disc for each key lever mechanism |2|, |29, such disc lying in the same vertical plane as the key lever member |29. Each disc 9| is provided with a shoulder 93,'and it will be noted from Figs. 8 and 9 that these shoulders 93 hold different angular positions relative to the vairis of the shaft |06, such positions being equal to the angular positions of the type about the periphery of the type wheels. Each shoulder 33 is arranged to be engaged by an 96, which is, in turn, pivoted to the lframe bracket The stops 90 are normally held out of the path of the shouldersof their respective discs 8| by the key lever members |29 heretofore described. When, however, a key |20 is depressed, the corresponding lever |29 is rocked in clockwise direction by its respective spring |35and causes a spring 98, interconnecting such lever and its respective stop 90, to raise the stop into contact with the path of the shoulder of its respective disc 9|. Hence, the rotation of the shaft |06 will be stopped when the shoulder 94 vof such disc engages the abutment of the corresponding stop member 94. The friction clutch heretofore described, permits the stopping of the shaft |06 without interference with the operation of the'power mechanism or damage to the parts. This stopping of rotation of the shaft |06 stops the type wheel with the selected character in printing position, which character is represented by the key |20 which was depressed.

The depression of the key |20 also releases a mechanism which causes the printing action. As shown in Figs. 9 and 10 it will be noted that when a disc 9| engages a stop lever 90, it rocks the bell crank 96 about its pivot 91, against the action of a compression spring 99 interposed between the bell crank. and a stationary frame member 64. The movement' of this bell crank rocks a lever 65 (Fig. 3) about its pivot 68, with- Y drawing the left-hand end of said lever (Fig. 3)

from the path of a latch 61, which is pivoted as at 68 to a clutch member 69. This "clutch member is drivingly secured to a gear 12 and bothv the meshes with a gear |45, which is drivlngly connected to the driving pulley |01. 'Ihis clutch is of the usual single revolution type, and when the shaft has made one complete revolution, the latch 61 will be cammed out of engagement with the collar |44, by the lever 65, which, at that time, will have been returned to its normal position.

The shaft 18, during the first-.half of its revolution, acts to rock the type wheels to cause an impression to be made upon the worksheet W. As shown in Fig. '7, an eccentric bushing |46 is secured to the left-hand end of the shaft 18, and through a connecting rod |41, which is interconnected between the eccentric and a pin |48 integrally carried by the type ywheel carriage 1|, causes the carriage to be rocked about, its pivot shaft |06, thus causing an impression to bel made. The rocking of the carriage 1| to make an impression accurately positions the type which has been moved substantially to the printing position by the key lever mechanism. As illustrated in Figs. '.1 and 13, an indexing gear |0| is mounted on the sleeve |02 and, as heretofore explained, is

due to this precisionin'g mechanism, is comparatively little, and is entirely compensated for by back lash in the gearing and other mechanism, hence may be accomplished without damage.

During the last half of the `movement or rotation of the shaft 18,the type wheel is retracted from the work, the paper carriage and platen are advanced into position for the impression of the next character, and the key lever mechanism |2|, |29, 90 and 96 is reset to prepare the` keyboard for the impression of the next key by the operator. The resetting of the lever mechanism' is accomplished by an enlarged eccentric portion |50 of the shaft 18, which overlies the key levers |29. Consequent upon the rotation of this eccentric portion of the shaft, the levers |29 are rocked counter-clockwise about their pivots |30, causing a projection of any depressed lever |29 to engage its respective latch member 90 and move it out of engagement with its corresponding disc 9|, permitting the spring 99 to return the bell crank 96, as well as the lever 65 (Fig. 3), thereby causingthe rotation of the shaft to cease, following the completion of one revolution, as heretofore mentioned. i K,

While the levers |29 are being returned bythe position shown in Fig. 7, by the eccentric' portion |50 of the shaft 18, the key lever 2| is likewise returned. As shown in Fig. 10, each key lever |2| is provided with a spring |32, which is interconnected between their respective key lever members |2| and astationary frame member. When maintains the lever |2| depressed by engagement ticularly concerned, will now be described. The' advance of the paper carriage is' c'ontrolled by. the depression of akey. As heretofore explained, the operation of the key serves to cause the shaft 18 to make one complete revolution. During the second half of this revolution, the paper carriage is'advanced a distance which 'is determinedA by the width of the type, the imprint of which was caused by the operation of the selected key.

Whena key is depressed, its key lever |29 is rocked clockwise about its pivot |30 by its spring |35. During its downward movement the key lever |2| engages a comb .|52 supported by a yoke .|53 which is pivotally mounted on a rock shaft |54.

The depression of a key unlatches the comb |52, permitting this comb to rock about its shaft |54 under the influence of gravity or a suitable spring (not'shown). The rocking movement of the comb is limited by a plunger |55 which is actuated by the key lever depressed.

The comb-latching mechanism is best shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and comprises a latch |56 pivoted as at |51 to a block |58 carried by the frame 0.

engagement with a lip |59, carried by the comb yoke |53, by a suitable spring |60. When a key is depressed, 'its key lever |2| strikes a rod |6| carried by the latch |55, permitting the latch to rock about'its pivot and cause the comb to drop into contact with a plunger |55.'

` The nose of this latch is normally maintained in l There is a plunger |55 for each key lever I2l, and these plungers are slidably mounted in a block |62 and normally maintained out of theY path of the comb by respective springs |63. Before a key lever |2| rocks the latch to release the comb, a projection |64 on such key lever cams its respective plunger, against the action of its spring I 63, into the path of the comb.

, The comb |52 is provided with a series of steps |65 of varying height. The arrangement of these steps is such that various plungers permit the comb to rock various angular distances, the distance depending upon which key is struck. The rocking movement of the yoke |53 is transn'iitted to a bell crank |66 by a pin |61 (Fig. 11). -This bell crank |66 is pivoted to the shaft |54 and carries at its upper end, as shown in Fig. 13, a pawl |68, normally spring-pressed into engagement with a ratchet wheel |69. This ratchet wheel is drivingly mounted on the shaft |54, and hence the angular movement of the yoke |53 draws the pawl idly in a clockwise direction (Fig. 13) a distance determined by the height of the step |65 in the comb, which engaged the plunger |55 actuated by the key depressed. The movement of the ratchet, during this movement of the pawl, is prevented by a. spring-pressed detent pawl |39 carried by a frame bracket I I9.

This arrangement locks the comb against possible rebound actions which might affect the feeding of the worksheet W. The blocks |55 limit the downward movement of the comb, and as it takes a materially stronger force to move the ratchet I 69, the ratchet and pawl |68 prevent rebounding, or movement of the comb in an upward direction.

Due to the force required to actuate the ratchet wheel |69, I utilize a power-operated mechanism for this purpose. During the last half of the rotation of the shaft 18, aneccentric crank |10, rigidly secured to the shaft 18, causes a connecting arm |1| to advance the ratchet an angular distance equivalent to the distance of movement of the pawl |66 just described. The' connection between the crank arm and the bell crank |66 is the usual pin and slot arrangement, as shown in Fig. 13 at |112. The rotary movement of the ratchet |69 is imparted through a series of change speed gears |13 to the carriage progressing gear 46, heretofore mentioned, thus causing the advance of the paper carriage.

The comb is returned to its normal position by the connecting rod |1I permitting the spring |60 to cause the latch |56 to reengage the yoke |53. The rod |6|, which is carried by the latch then positively returns the key levers |2| to their normal positions. y

When the end of the typed line is reached, the operator returns the paper carriage to the position shown in Fig. 1, by swinging a lever 250 counter-clockwise. The lever 250 is secured to a shaft |15, carried by a frame bracket |16. 'I'he lower end of this shaft is provided with a lever |11 which engages a lever 18 pivoted to the -frame I at |19. The lever I 11 is connected by a link |80 with an arm |8| of a bell crank, which is pivoted to the frame |0 at |82 and the other arm |83 of which is connected to the detent pawl |39 by a link |84. Thusthe ratchet wheel is released movement of4 the lever 250.

Counter-clockwise movement of the lever 250 also connects the motor M with the'ratchet wheel to operate the same in,a reverse direction to lreturn the paper carriage. 18 is proconsequent upon counter-clockwise vided, as shown in Fig. 3, witha yoke |85 which isprovided with pins |86 arranged to engage an annular groove in a clutch |90. Counter-clockwise movement of the'lever 250 causes the clutch to be slid axially on its supporting shaft |9I, bringing a clutch disc |92 into frictional driving engagement with a driving disc |93, which is carried by a shaft |94. This shaft carries a pulley |95, which is drivingly connected with a motor pulley V|96 by a belt |91. When the carriage has been returned to its extreme left-hand position (Fig. 13), the friction driving connection between the clutch members' |92 and |93 prevents damage to the parts.

The width of each type used on the type wheel bears a fixed relation to eachother type used on the wheel. This width is commonly called the set size. In designing the type, the width of the basic character of the font, namely, the upper case letter lM, is divided into eighteen equal parts a'nd using one of these parts as a unit of measurement, the Width of all of the remaining charactors of the font are determined. For instance, the cap M is preferably three times as wide as either the lower case letters j or f and twice as wide as the lower case letters a, o, g or x. Hence, if the upper case letter M is divided into eighteen units, the lower case letters j and s each comprise six units, while the lower case a, o, g and x will be nine units wide. Other letters will vary accordinglyl in width. The smallest letters, such as a period, will be ve units wide.

'I'he arrangement is such that the paper carriage is advanced the number of units equivalent to the set size of the letter last impressed on the work. For instance, if the letter W Aor Ja full length dash is impressed, it will be noted from Fig. 12 that a key lever I 2| will cause a plunger 55 to contact with a step |65 of the comb |52 and depress the comb a distance sufficient tol cause the ratchet wheel |69 to advance the paper carriage-a distance equivalent to eighteen units.`

Thus, by varying the height of the steps |65 with which the plungers coact, the paper carriage may be fed a distance required by the last character printed, such character, of course, being determined by the key depressed.

As heretofore mentioned, each type wheel I4 carries on its periphery two sets of type, T, and

t, the type t being arranged in one annular line or row and the type T being arranged in another annular row closely adjacent thereto. 'Ihe keyboard, it will be noted from Fig. 1, is marked with upper case characters only. However, these may represent, for practical purposes, either up'" per or lower case. In the embodiment illustrated, I position the upper case'row of characters .at the right-hand side of the type wheel (Fig. 7), and the lower case characters on theleft-hand side of the type wheels. u

When the type wheel carriage 1| is moved to position a different row of type relative to the platen, as will be hereinafter more fully described, the precision stop 88 is also moved in the same direction -by a pin 20| carried by the stop, which is in constant engagement with a `yoke 202 carried by the carriage. This insures the proper positioningv of each typeregardless of which row of type is in the operating position. The arrangement of the stop '88 and its index wheel IOI is suchthat the type wheels are always stopped with the rearmost edge of each type. on a line passing through the axis of the type wheels and through the point of tangency between thel lo' is i'nounted ona plunger 203, which is normally A shift key 30m/conveniently located on the' keyboard. as illustrated in Fig. 1, is'used to shift the type wheels, together ywith their inking mechanism to the left (Fig. 7), moving the left-hand row of typeout of registration with the platen |2 and the next row of type into registration therewith. Asshown in Fig.6, the shift key 300 maintained in an uppermost position, by a suitable spring not shown. lConsequent upon the depression of the -key 300 a contacter 204 strikes aswitch 205, causing the energization- -of `a sclencid zas, which is connected with the switch by a conductor 201. The energization of the solenoid causes. the core 203 thereof to rock a lever 209 (Figs. 1 and 6), in a clockwise direction. This lever, through the medium of a link 2|0, rocks a lever 2| I, which is secured to a shaft 2|2, rotatively mounted inthe frame. ment 'of the lever 2 is transmitted to the framev l|| which supports the, type wheels and their inking mechanism, by a link 2| 3 which is pivotally connected When the type wheels are moved to position the upper case characters in the printing position, the comb |52 is'also moved from the full to the levez' 2|| by an adjustable link line position to the dotted line position, as indicated in Fig. 12, the reason for this being that the upper case characters are of a different width than the corresponding lower case characters. By moving the comb |52, I am able vto provide a second series of steps thereon, which will. be move'd into position to coact with the respective character keys when the shift "key is moved. This, of course, eliminates the necessity oi' providing both upper and lower case characters on the keyboard.

vThe comb |52 is moved from the full line to the dotted line position, by the shaft 2|2, heretofore mentioned, in connection with the type wheel shift mechanism. Rigidly secured-to the shaft 2|2 is a shifter fork 2|5, arranged to engage the yoke |53 which supports the comb and 'move it toward the right, Fig. .11, .against the wheels aremoved toward the left in Fig. '7, so as to bring the middle or right-hand typel wheel into the same relative position as the left-hand type wheel is shown. For this purpose I use the v manually adjustable link 2|4, heretofore mentioned. As shown, this link 'interconnects thev lever 2|| with the link-2|3, to cause the type wheels to be moved to position the type wheels for either upper or lower case characters.

As shown in Fig. 1, the adjustable link is pivctally' connected to the link 2|3,. by a permanent pivot 220, and lis provided with three openings 22| arranged to receive a pin or plunger 2 22,

l -Y type wheel into operative relationship relative to 4 the.platen. l e f isvmade from one type wheel which may be adjustably positioned in any one ofthe openings by the operator, to secure the link 2|4 to the lever 2|| in any of three positions, each-of which is arranged to shift its respective When Athe shift l to another, itfollows thatthe paperfeed carriage must b e advanced a dierent distance for the twelve-point type than it was for an eightpoint type.. However, yI find it desirable to make the ratio of the widths of the various characters relative to each other the same in every font, regardless of point size, and I arrange my mechanism so that the same comb will control the adl Vance of the paper carriage. This is accomplished through the medium yof the change speed -gearing |93, heretofore mentioned.

on a shaft 232, carried by a frame bracket 233.

Each of these gears, has, as'shown in Fig.` 15, a keyway-234, arranged tolreceive a pin 235, which is carried by the shaft 232,'consequ`ent upon axial movement of the shaft, thereby drivingly connecting any oneof the pairs of gears with suchA A spring-pressed ball 236 carried by the `frame bracket 233 is-arrangedV to enter annular shaft.

recesses 231 in the shaft to maintain the pin 235 in an adjusted position. 'I'he shaft 2324 isA drivingly connected to the gear 45, by a gear 238,` which is splined to the shaft 232 in any suitable manner, thus,`even though the comb causes the ratchet to be advanced the unit of one width. the carriage may nevertheless be advanced the unit of an entirely different width to provide for 'the different points of the type.

I also provide my typewriting mechanism with a tabulator, which permits the paper carriage to be advanced to predetermined positions in a manner similar to the tabulator of the ordinary typewriter. Such advance .takes place without the operation of the space or character keys and 'without making any impressions on the worksheet.

'I'he tabulator mechanism is operated by the lever 250, heretofore described. However, in this instance, the lever is swung in a clockwise direction, causing a link 240 toswing a. lever 24| (Fig. 5) about its pivot 242, for a purpose hereinafter to be described.I Mounted on the link 240 is a pin 243 which'engages a cam surface 244 on a lever 245 pivoted `as at 246 to the frame I0.

When the lever 240 is rocked in a clockwise direc-` tion, the pin 243 rocks the lever 246 against the action of a spring 241, bringing the nose 249 of the lever into the path of an adjustable stop 25| carried by a disc 252, Vwhich is secured to a shaft 253, carried by the frame |0.

The rocking of the lever 250 in a clockwise direction also through the clutch yoke and -other mechanism heretofore' described, moves the clutch along itsshaft |9|, bringing a clutch disc |92a (Fig, 6) into frictional driving engagement with the driving disc |93. heretofore devscribed. "I'husthrough the gears 254, -255 and 256,' driving ratchet wheel shaft' |54 in a direction to advance the paper carriage. e

The advance of the paper ce1-ringe, by the tabulator mechanism, is stopped when a stop 25| engages thelever 245.v I'he friction drivingconnection between the-discs |92a and |93 prevents damage to the kparts and eliminating the necessity and is` driven by'a gear '260, which is drivingly secured to the disc and is in turn driven from the fshaft |54 bythe gear 256, heretofore described.

As heretofore 1 mentioned, the` printing mechanism is provided` with threev type wheels, Yeach 8,166,225 wheel carrying type of a different point size. For

instance, the left-hand wheel (Figs. 6 and 7) may cairy six-point type. The middle type wheel, eight-point type. and the right-hand type wheel, twelve-point type. In this arrangement, however, thecorresponding type o1' each wheel are the same number of ems in width. The length oi' the em, however, varl for each point. size of type. Fori instance, in six-point type`an em is .083 inch in length, in eight-point type an em is .111 inch in length, while in twelve-point type the em is .166 inch in length. The type selecting mechanism is arranged to select type from any one of the type wheels, positioned above the platen. The paper feed mechanism is controlled by a change speed gearing 230, so as to advance the paper carriage the proper distance, dependent upon the point size of type used. 'I'he tabulator likewise is arranged so that when set at predetermined number oi ems, it will advance the paper carriage such number of ems, regardless of whether the ems be six, eight or twelve-point ems. This is accomplished by providing the tabulator disk 252 with a plurality of openings 252e', spaced equally distant fr om each other, and by providing the stops 25| with suitable pins 2Std to occupy the desired opening, and thereby position the stop. The spacing of the openings 252e is.

such that when the gearing 23d is set for sixpoint type, the distance from one stop. to a stop positioned in the next adjacent opening 252e will be equivalent to one em.

When the change speed gearing 23d is positioned for twelve-point type, the paper carriage will have to be advanced twice as far lfrom one em as when using six-point type, as the disc is geared to the ratchet shaft 25d, and. actuates the paper feed mechanism only through the gearing 23d. Hence, if a stop 25| is positioned to ad- Vance the paper feed carriage twenty-nyc sixpoint ems, for instance, for six-point type, and the gearing is changed for twelve-point type, the stop is still positioned for twenty-ve ems, but due to the gearing 28d the paper carriage will advance twice as far or twenty-five twelve-point ems, (the stop remaining in the same position on the tabulator disc). i

Thus, it will be seen that the operator may use the tabulator mechanism without danger of errors, due to the shifting of the printing mechanism from one type wheel to another, that is,

- from one point size of type to another point size,

and the tabulator when set for a predetermined number of ems, will advance the paper carriage, such predetermined number of ems, regardless of whether they be six-point ems, eight-point' ems or twelve-point ems.

'I'he lever 24|, heretofore mentioned, operates to release a brake which normally engages the shaft |54 to prevent overthrow of the ratchet wheel |69 and consequent error in the advance of the paper carriage when the latter is actuated by the key mechanism, heretofore described. As shown in Fig. 5, this brake comprises a resilient friction brake shoe 210, which encircles a. ring 21| carried by the ratchet wheel shaft |54. The opposite ends 212 of this shoe are 'normally drawn toward each other by a spring 213, bringing the shoev into friction'al contact with the ring.

When the lever 250 is actuated, either to tabulate or reposition the paper carriage, as heretofore described, the brake 2,10 is released, As shown in Fig. 5, the lever 24|, which is connected to the lever 250 by a link 240, is secured to its pivot shaft 215. 'I'his shaft is joui-nailed in the shoe 210 and is provided with a pin 216, which, when the lever 250 is actuated, either to tabulate or return the paper carriage, cams the ends 212 of the shoe apart, thus releasing the brake. When the lever 250 is in its normal position, the pin 216 lies inK recesses 211, formed in the ends of the shoe. thus causing the brake to become active.

Iclaim:

1. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination oi' a series of keys, a universal bar controlled thereby, and means operated by said keys to limit the downward movement of the bar, and positive means eifective to limit the upward movement of the bar so long as the keys remain operated.

2. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination of'a series 'of keys, a universal bar controlled thereby, and means individual to each key and operated thereby to limit the downward movement of the bar, and positive means effective to limit the upward movement of the bar so long as the keys remain operated.

3. In a printing machine of the keyboard type,

the combination of a series of keys, a paper carriage; a letter feedvtherefor, a universal bar controlling the letter feed and having .downwardly E facing notches of varying depth, a series of blocks i individual `to the respective keys, means on the respective keys1 for forcing the blocks into position to interrupt the movement of the bar, a latch normally retaining the bar in its elevated Iposition, and means whereby each key may releasev the latch subsequent to the said blocks.

The combination of a series oi` keys, a paper carriage, a universal bar adapted to control the carriage according to the movement of a bar, a series of individual blocks, and projections carried by` the key levers operating to engage the blocks and cam them into position to interrupt the movement of the universal bar. l

5. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination of a series of keys, a universal bar controlled thereby, means operated by said keys to limit the movement of the bar in one direction, and positive means effective to limit the movement of said bar in the opposite direction so long as the keys remain operated.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a set of key levers, a universal bar controlled thereby, a plurality of individual slidably monuted blocks, means onA the respective key levers to selectively slide said blocks into the path of said bar to limit the movement loi said bar.

positioning of '1. In a machine of the character described, the

dii

normal position subsequent to the release of said keys.

8. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination of a series of keys, a pivotally mounted universal bar, means to move said bar about its pivot to an actuated position, a paper carriage the movement of which is controlled by said bar, a series of individual devices, one forl each key, movably mounted independently of the keys and meansvon the keys for operatingsaid devices respectively, to positively limit the said movement of the universal bar, and means controlled by said keys to retain said bar in an unactuated position before full depression oi' the keys. v

9. In a` printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination oi' a series ofkeys, a paper ,carriage, a universal bar movably mounted adapted to control the carriage according to the movement of the bar, a series of individual blocks movably mounted independently of said keys. #Dd means controlled by the keys to move said blocks into position to interrupt the movement of/,the

universal bar, the distance between the engaging surfaces on the bar and blocks varying for difier- -ent blocks, and the distance between the engaging surfaces on the keys and blocks being the same for all blocks. y

10. In a printing machine of the keyboard type. the combination of a`series-of keys, a universal lbar controlled thereby, means operated by said keys to limit the movement of the bar, and positive means to prevent rebound of said moved bar. 11. In a printing machine of the keyboard type,

, the combination ,of a series of keys, a movable universal bar, and means operated by said keys to limit the movement of the bar comprising a set oi' individual devices mountedindependently of the keys but movable thereby along a ilxed path transverse to the universal bar movement, whereby the bar may be accurately stopped independ.

ently of key inaccuracy.

l 12. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, the combination oi' a series of keys, a universal bar controlled thereby, means individual to each key and operated thereby to positively limit the movement of the universal bar, and positive vmeans to prevent rebound of said bar.

13. 1n n printing machine of the keyboard type. the combination of a series of keys, a pivotally mounted universal. bar, means to move said bar about its pivot to an actuated position, a paper keys.

' f CLIFTON CHISHOLM. 

